Agriculture is the backbone of the Ethiopian economy contributing to half of gross domestic product (GDP), 83.9% of exports, and 80% of total employment. Ethiopia’s major staple crops include a variety of pulses, cereals, oilseeds, and coffee. Grains are the chief field crops including corn, teff , wheat, sorghum, millet and barley. Ethiopia has great agricultural potential owing to its vast areas of fertile land, diverse climate and adequate rainfall. Yet, the country has not been able to optimise them due to setbacks like soil degradation, periodic drought, caused by overgrazing and deforestation. Most common to the country are are subsistence farmers that own small unconsolidated land holdings in the Ethiopian Highlands .
Great Rift Valley is also conducive for agriculture with good irrigation facilities. Finally, the Awash River basin supports many large-scale commercial farms and several irrigated small farms. The scope of home gardening is very significant in Ethiopia. There exist many homes in peri-urban towns of the Weyna-dega zone that have gardens which are complemented by excellent agro-climatic and socio-cultural factors. Food crops, garden crops, field crops ad fruits and vegetables are grown at homes.